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NOTRE_DAME_CATHEDRAL_A_CLOSER_LOOK

Notre Dame Cathedral 
Notre Dame, french expression for Our Lady, the Virgin Mary, is the most famous catholic
cathedral and a very well-known landmark in Paris. It is otherwise known as the
Cathedrale de Notre Dame de Paris, by the French. It stands on the Ile de la cite, a
larger of two islands in the Seine River. It is considered a masterpiece of gothic
architecture in France. Maurice de Sully was the bishop of Paris at the time, and started
the cathedral's construction in 1163. The building was built basicly in three different
parts. The Apse, choir, and the Cathedral. The Apse and Choir were completed in 1182. The
Cathedral in 1250. Many things occurred during construction that slowed working down in
Paris. For one, King Louis IX was cananized as St. Louis. The construction and design
were done by the best artists around and was completed around 1345. Jean de Chelles and
Pierre de Montreuil oversaw and directed the construction. It was not finished until the
beginning of the 13th century. During the Revolution (the 1700's), it was heavily
destroyed by mobs. In 1304, Philip the Fair celebrated his military victory by riding his
horse up and down the aisles in the Notre Dame. Due to this helped in destroing many of
the windows and took quite a while to be cleaned up. However, it was restored beginning
in 1841 by Viollet le Duc. He added chimeras and gargoyles to the tower walls. The
chimeras were being built as decoration, and the gargoyles as rain gutters. The facade of
the cathedral is composed of several levels crowning three great portals: the Portal of
the Last Judgement, the Portal to the Virgin, and the Portal to Saint Anne. Every year
about 500,000 visitors make the climb of the 380-stepped stairway that leads to the peak
of the cathedral. Their reward for making the long climb is a great view of Paris and a
look at Emmanuel, the 13 ton bell. The bell was operated by pedals that required the
energy of 8 men, but today, Emmanuel is rung electronically. The Rose Window is one of
the only original stained-glass windows left in the cathedral. Most of the windows were
removed and rebuilt after World War 2. These are a wonderful and beautiful part of the
cathedral. Many special events have taken place in the Cathedral. For one, in 1558, Queen
Mary was married to Francis II of France. (Her forth cousin) Although at one time it was
fashionable to not like the cathedral, it is now. Notre Dame is the also the setting for
the famous film The Hunchback of Notre Dame. 
The cathedral itself is 130 meters long, 48 meters wide, and 35 meters tall. Although
many other cathedrals have been designed to recreate the structure of Notre Dame, the
cathedral in Paris is still considered the original materpiece of Gothic Art.
The Cathedral