FREE ESSAY ON SOUTHERN SCANDINAVIAN HUNTERS AND GATHERERS

SOUTHERN SCANDINAVIAN HUNTERS AND GATHERERS

To discuss how the environment may have affected the subsistence and social organization
of the late Hunter-Gatherer communities of Southern Scandinavian you must take in affect
the Basic Evidence. This form of Basic Evidence consists of such topics, as were the
hunters and gatherers were settled, also what was the type of environment around them.
You also have to take in effect were the resources where in their environment and finally
what was the number of hunter and gatherers that, that environment and those resources
had to support. All this will be briefly answered and briefly explained. 
When you talk about the settlement of a hunter-gatherer group or a type of tribe you
could be talking about many settlements with in the same area because of the need of
certain resources in an environment full of growth and prosperity. A settlement of a
hunter-gatherer would most likely at that time of Erteb?lle Culture around 4,000 B.C. and
would be consisted of some type resourceful sources of freshwater, like lakes or streams.
Also that settlement of area would have to accommodate many types of animals in many
different types of seasons, due to the fact that not many if any types or methods of
storage of food over a long period of time were known during this time. This settlement
of area would also have to accommodate many types of nuts, berries, fruit and birds. The
problem of storing food does fluctuate from settlement to settlement; so different groups
of hunter-gatherers may have had different advantages over their neighbors. Freshwater
sources would also have to have abundant sources of fish and that the hunter-gatherer
would have to have the knowledge of many than one type of fishing during many seasons. An
example is if there were to be an ice patch over the source of water during certain
winter months. Still the prize of many hunters and gatherers were the large game, such as
deer, elk and roe, which would bring meat for food, skins for clothes and warmth and
bones and antlers for tools and weapons. Hunters and gatherers would stay in a certain or
specific area for as long as that areas resources could sustain their number of people
for many seasons.
With this type of settlement in staying in one area comes few to many problem of, if that
environments resources can stand up to demands of a hunter-gatherer society of growth,
possible war, and seasonal changes in needs. For example if an hunter-gatherer group
grows in numbers in a short time, the question arises will their be enough food for the
whole group to survive over possible changes season to season and if another settlement
of hunter-gatherer moves in close to the previous group. And if so will that settlement
be able to keep providing for that group of expanding population. If that area cannot
with hold the expansion of population than the hunter-gatherer has one other option.
First they can expand their boundaries of their settlement area. This may cause war
against their neighbors if there are any. Or second that hunter-gatherer can maybe split
their numbers to survive, with one group leaving and the other stay. Another problem that
could happen today and definitely back than was the possibility of one or more types of
diseases or any other natural problem the big game, fish, or vegetation starts to reduce
in population and plentiful ness. Than this also could cause war within maybe the same
group of hunter-gatherer or between neighboring tribes. 
Another positive thought is if the hunter-gatherer finds any way to store food for the
future than this can play a huge effect in the preserving a growing population and also
maybe the possible war not a curing. Also what could be on the good side of the
hunter-gatherer is that if they learn to develop methods and ways and also types of tools
to grow any type of vegetation. These two are huge advantages for any population of
people anywhere at this time in history. This also could cause problems of just being
limited to one area and that means than the men of the tribe may have to go out to look
for game, that means those men will be gone for maybe days. This alone causes problems if
another neighbor attacks that hunter-gatherer tribe while they are men are away, that
alone can be disastrous. With the development of learning how to create and lay traps of
some sort and be set and left, this would mean that those men did not have to go out on
hunting parties to catch their needs. 
With the advancement of certain technology such as storage of food, methods of trap
setting, to new types of tools for agriculture and also new weapons for hunting and
protecting ones tribe. With this technology the tribe could have more time on their hands
to figure out even more technology and have more time for the family and community. Also
with this technology there had to be some sort organization among a hunter-gatherer
tribe. This meant that the possibility of social classes and gender roles could and would
be started. This is shown in example of how certain graves were found with certain items
for the age of the ones in the graves. 
Through the Basic Evidence and knowledge of the late hunter-gatherer found by many
archaeologist around the world it is easier for us non-archaeologist to find and
understand were we came from. Through this understanding of their social organization and
the environment they lived to the understand what their resources were we can almost come
to a close in, what were their lives like and how us humans now developed from those
than.